Fireweed

Chamerion angustifolium

Also called Great willowherb

We do not have a Blackfoot or Cree name for this one yet. Tell us the name and we will add it, with your word on where it comes from.

Learn and gatherIn season now

The tall magenta spike that comes up first after a burn or a cut line. Young shoots are eaten, and the leaves are dried for tea.

Commonly shared knowledge. Learn it, gather it, and follow the protocol.

Take care

  • Large quantities of the leaf are laxative.

What it is confused with

  • Easily confusedOther willowherbs Epilobium species

    Much smaller and paler flowered. Fireweed is the tall showy one.

How to know it

Flowers
Four-petalled magenta flowers in a long spike, opening from the bottom upward through the summer.
Leaves
Long, narrow and willow-like, alternating up the stem, with a pale vein running around the leaf edge rather than out to the margin.
Height
Waist to head high in a good stand.
In autumn
Splits into narrow pods that release masses of silky white seed.

The country it grows in

  • Roadsides and disturbed ground
  • Mountain forest
  • Aspen parkland
  • Foothills and shrubland

Landscape types only. We do not publish where a patch is, and we are not going to.

When it is ready

  • Stems May to JuneYoung shoots only, while they snap cleanly like asparagus.
  • Leaves June to AugustBefore the plant sets seed.
  • Flowers July to August

Right now it is July. Something on this plant is in season.

What it is used for

  • Food and drink
  • Skin and wounds

Young shoots were eaten as a green in spring.

Leaves are dried for tea. The flowers are also used to flavour and colour.

How it is prepared

  • Food

    Young shoots are eaten raw or lightly cooked. Older stems turn tough and bitter.

  • Tea

    Dried leaf steeped in hot water, mild and slightly sweet.

Protocol

Ask the plant first, and offer something before you take anything. Tobacco is what is most often offered here. Say who you are, and say what the medicine is for.

Harvest the mature plants and leave the small ones to grow. Never take the first plant you find, and never take all of them.

Take only what you will actually use. Medicine picked and then left to rot in a bag was taken for nothing.

Leave the ground as you found it. Put back any dirt you dug up, and return any plant material you do not use to the earth.

Do not gather beside roads, highways or trails, where the plants take up whatever has been sprayed or spilled there.

If you are not certain what a plant is, do not pick it and do not put it in your mouth. Ask someone. Being wrong in the field is how people get hurt.

Where this came from

  • Kershaw, Linda. Edible and Medicinal Plants of the Rockies. Lone Pine Publishing, 2000.
  • Johnson, Derek, Linda Kershaw, Andy MacKinnon and Jim Pojar. Plants of the Western Boreal Forest and Aspen Parkland. Lone Pine Publishing, 1995.
Harvest pressure
Common in the right country
How it is approached
Learn and gather
Last updated
2026-07-24
Back to the finder

Fireweed (Chamerion angustifolium) · Birchbark Health medicine finder · birchbarkhealth.org/medicine-finder/fireweed

Written from the published sources listed on this sheet. Last updated 2026-07-24. Corrections are welcome and wanted.

Not medical advice. Never eat, drink or apply a plant you cannot identify with certainty. Poison and Drug Information Service 1-800-332-5678. Emergencies 911.

Something wrong on this sheet? Phone 403-894-2808 or write to us at birchbarkhealth.org/contact